Which adapter is used for connecting peripheral equipment to a computer?

The correct answer is USB, which stands for Universal Serial Bus. USB is a standard connection interface that allows a wide range of peripheral devices to connect to a computer. This includes devices like keyboards, mice, printers, external hard drives, and many others. Its versatility and ease of use make USB the most common method for connecting various peripherals to computers.

The USB interface supports both data transfer and power supply, enabling many devices to work without requiring an additional power source. USB ports are prevalent on computers, laptops, and even some tablets and smartphones, facilitating a plug-and-play experience where users can connect and disconnect devices quickly and easily without needing to restart the system.

Other options provided, such as a capture card, modem adapter, and wireless NIC, serve specific functions. A capture card is primarily used for recording or capturing video from external sources, a modem adapter connects to the internet via a traditional phone line or cable, and a wireless NIC (Network Interface Card) allows a computer to connect to a wireless network. While these devices can connect to a computer, they do not serve as a universal interface for a wide range of peripheral equipment as USB does.