What protocol is used to automatically assign IP addressing information to IP network computers?

The protocol used to automatically assign IP addressing information to IP network computers is the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, commonly known as DHCP. DHCP simplifies the management of IP address allocation in a network by automatically assigning IP addresses to devices, which reduces the burden of manual configuration on network administrators. When a device connects to a network, it sends a request to the DHCP server, which then assigns an available IP address along with other necessary network information, such as the subnet mask and default gateway. This process supports dynamic allocation, allowing devices to receive new IP addresses as they join or leave the network, ensuring efficient use of IP address ranges.

The other protocols listed do not serve the purpose of automating IP address assignments. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) are protocols used for transferring files over a network, not for IP configuration. Domain Name System (DNS) is a service that translates domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to access websites using easy-to-remember names rather than numerical addresses; however, it does not assign IP addresses to devices. Therefore, DHCP is specifically designed for managing IP address assignment efficiently within a network.