What does the form factor of a motherboard refer to?

The form factor of a motherboard is specifically defined by its size, shape, and the arrangement of its components. This encompasses the physical dimensions of the motherboard, which in turn affects compatibility with cases and components such as power supplies and cooling systems. Additionally, the layout of components, including where the CPU, RAM, and expansion slots are positioned, is crucial for ensuring that a system can function properly and that airflow is optimized for cooling.

Different form factors, such as ATX, microATX, and Mini-ITX, dictate various aspects of system design, impacting everything from upgrade possibilities to the overall aesthetic of a computer build. Understanding the form factor is essential for selecting appropriate hardware and ensuring that they fit together cohesively in a computer system.